Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet Section A-2 課件.ppt
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- Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyetSectionA 課件 下載 _八年級下冊_人教版(2024新)_英語(yǔ)_初中
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1、Unit 8Have you read Treasure Island yet?,Section A Grammar Focus,現在完成時(shí)態(tài)present perfect,Grammar Focus,現在完成時(shí): 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對現在造成的影響或結果,或從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續到現在的動(dòng)作或保存的狀態(tài)。,結構: 主語(yǔ)+ have / has + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,一般疑問(wèn)句: have / has ? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Yes, she has. No, she hasnt.,1. 現在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞構成have /has + v 過(guò)去分詞,助動(dòng)詞,
2、否定,haventhasnt,疑問(wèn),Have you?Has he?,常與下列時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用:just , already, yet,ever, never, before, several times,現在完成時(shí),1.過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現在造成的影響或結果。和already,never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語(yǔ)連用。,2.過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,持續到現在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與for或since引起的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。,動(dòng)詞構成:have/has+v過(guò)去分詞,have breakfast,I have just had my breakfast.,(現在我不餓),Im not hungr
3、y now,moved herein 2004,I still live here,I have lived here for three years.,I have lived here since 2004/three years ago.,now,past,2. 現在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞可以表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去持續 到現在(也許還會(huì )繼續進(jìn)行下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1) I have studied English since last year. 我從去年開(kāi)始學(xué)習英語(yǔ)。2) She has lived in Beijing for five years. 她住在北京已經(jīng)五年了。注意: come, go ,
4、leave, arrive, buy, lose, receive, join, die, bury 和marry 等動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作是一時(shí)的, 不能延續的, 故不能與for , since 等開(kāi)頭的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。不過(guò), 這些詞用于否定句則可以與表示持續的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,即動(dòng)作的不發(fā)生是可以持續的。,不能說(shuō): *He has come to Beijing for two years. *He has bought that book for three weeks. *He has joined the Army for one and a half years.*His grand
5、ma has died for nine months.* I have received his letter for a month.可以說(shuō):He has been in Beijing for two years. He has had that book for three weeks. He has been in the army for one and a half years. His grandma has been dead for nine months.I havent received his letter for almost a month.0,或者說(shuō):It is
6、 two years since he came to Beijing. It is three weeks since he bought that book.It is one and a half years since he joined the Army. It is nine months since his grandma died.,3. 現在完成時(shí)把過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和現在的結果聯(lián)系起來(lái), 一般過(guò)去時(shí)只限于表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作本身, 與現在 的結果無(wú)關(guān)?,F在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)在意義上 的區別舉例如下: I have cleaned my room. (My room is clean no
7、w.) 我已經(jīng)打掃過(guò)我的房間了。 I cleaned my room last week. (I did it in the past.) 我上周打掃了我的房間。 Father has gone to Amoy. (He went to Amoy and he is not here now.) 爸爸已經(jīng)去廈門(mén)了。 They have bought a dictionary. (They bought a dictionary and they have it now.) 他們買(mǎi)了一本字典。,注意: 現在完成時(shí)不能和明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(如: yesterday, last, year, in
8、1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in 等)連用,但可以和不明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(如: already, yet, ever, never, sometimes, always, often, before, once, twice, recently, lately等)連用;也可以和表示包括現在在內的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(如:today, this morning, this week, this year等)連用。,( 1).for+表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ) ( 2).since+表示過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ) ( 3).since+表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,eg
9、.I have been a teacher _ a year. He has been at this school _ 1992. We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.,for,since,since,現在完成時(shí)句中常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)A.表示從過(guò)去一直持續到現在, 不能是具體 的過(guò)去時(shí)間。,ever,just,already,yet,e.g. Have you _been to Japan? I have _ finished my homework. I have finished my homework
10、_. I havent finished my homework _.,B. just, already, yet, before/ ever, never有此類(lèi)副詞時(shí),常強調動(dòng)作完成,不強調動(dòng)作的持續.,already “已經(jīng)” ; yet “仍然, 還” 這兩個(gè)副詞常常用于完成時(shí)態(tài), 其中already 常用于肯定句, yet常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。如: Jim has already finished his work. Jim已經(jīng)把他的工作做完了。Mother hasnt come home yet. 媽媽還沒(méi)回來(lái)。Havent you read The Call of the Wil
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